Zur Textversion für diese Seite wechseln. Zur Haupt-Navigation springen.
Deutsches Glossar Buddhistischer Fachbegriffe
Dieses Glossar enthält bislang nur einen Teil der Fachbegriffe, die auf unserer Webseite verwendet werden. Mit weiterem Fortschreiten der Arbeit am Glossar werden wir weitere Begriffe hinzugefügen. Die Definitionen liegen bislang noch nicht in der deutschen Übersetzung vor, wir haben daher in diese Fassung des Glossars die englischen Definitionen aufgenommen.
Wählen Sie einen der folgenden Buchstaben. Es werden dann alle Glossareinträge mit diesem Anfangsbuchstaben angezeigt:
A Ä B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T Ü U V W Y Z alles
| Deutsch | Englisch | Definition (Teilweise Englisch) | Tibetisch / Sanskrit / Pali |
|---|---|---|---|
| fabelhafte Berichte | fabulous accounts | Descriptions of such marvelous, wondrous things as the wisdom, extra-physical powers and saintly deeds of the Buddhas, pratyekabuddhas (self-realizers), and shravakas (listeners). One of the twelve scriptural categories. | Tib.: rmad-du byung-ba Skt.: adbhutadharma |
| Fabrikation, getrennt von geistiger | fabrication, parted from mental | See: state parted from mental fabrication | |
| fade und wirkungslos | flat | One's Dharma practice is flat when it is going nowhere, when it is not taking one anywhere. There is nothing lively in it anymore. "Flat" is usually used for sparkling water (soda water) or beer, when there are no more bubbles. | |
| Fähige, der | Able One | Ein Beiname des Buddha - jemand der imstande war, das Ziel der Erleuchtung zu erreichen und der in der Lage ist, allen Lebewesen soviel wie möglich zu nutzen. | Tib.: thub-pa Skt.: muni |
| fähige Weise, der | Able Sage | See: Able One | |
| Fähigkeit, auf andere einzugehen | responsiveness | The influencing nature of pure awareness (rigpa) - namely, that it responds to others effortlessly and spontaneously with compassionate communication. See: responsive awareness. | Tib.: thugs-rje |
| Fahrzeug | vehicle | See: vehicle of mind | |
| Fahrzeug des Geistes | vehicle of mind | A level of state of mind that acts as either (1) a vehicle for bringing one to the spiritual goal of either liberation or enlightenment, or (2) the resultant goal of liberation or enlightenment to which one is brought. | Tib.: theg-pa Skt.: yana |
| falsche Ansicht | wrong views, sixty-two | See: sixty-two wrong views | |
| falscher Lebenserwerb / falsche Methode des Lebenserwerbs | wrong livelihood | A dishonest means of earning a livelihood or procuring offerings. | Tib.: log-'tsho |
| fehlerhafte Betrachtung | incorrect consideration | See: paying attention in a discordant manner | |
| fehlerhafte Handlung | faulty actions | A set of forty-six actions that one vows to avoid and which, if committed, would be detrimental to one's practice of either one of the six far-reaching attitudes or to one's benefiting others. Also called: secondary bodhisattva vows. | Tib.: nyes-byas |
| Feindseligkeit | hostility | A subcategory of anger: anger directed primarily, although not exclusively, at limited beings. One of the three poisonous emotions and attitudes. See: anger. | Tib.: zhe-sdang Skt.: dvesha |
| Feind-Zerstörer | foe-destroyer | See: arhat | |
| feinstoffliche Winde | subtle winds | See: subtle energy-winds | |
| fest | concrete | Solid, like cement -- a nontechnical term used to describe something with truly established findable existence. | |
| festes „Selbst" / festes "Ich“ | concrete "me" | Ein nichttechnischer Begriff für wahrhaft existentes "Ich", der das zu widerlegende "Ich" darstellt. Siehe auch: solides "Ich" | |
| feste Überzeugung | firm conviction | (1) According to Asanga, the mental factor (subsidiary awareness) that focuses on a fact that one has validly ascertained to be like this and not like that, and which makes one's belief that a fact is true so firm that others' arguments or opinions will not dissuade one. (2) According to Vasubandhu, the term means "regard": the mental factor that takes its object to have some level of good qualities – on the spectrum from no good qualities to all good qualities – and may be either accurate or distorted. | Tib.: mos-pa |
| Festhalten, geistiges | hold, mental | See: mental hold | |
| feststellend / feststellen | ascertain | See: decisively determine | |
| Feststellung / Vergewisserung | ascertainment | Eine maßgebliche [***bestimmend, entscheidend, ausschlaggebend] Wahrnehmung eines kognitiven Objekts; mit Bestimmtheit wissen, was ein Objekt der Wahrnehmung ist oder wie es existiert. | Tib.: gtan-la dbab-pa |
| Feuerpuja | fire-puja | A tantric ritual, performed mostly upon completion of a mantra-recitation retreat of a Buddha-figure for which one has received an empowerment, during which one tosses into a fire a large number of specific substances, accompanied by elaborate visualizations. It is mostly performed in order to purify any mistakes one has made during the retreat. | Tib.: sbyin-sreg |
| Filigranschmuck | filigree | A piece of jewelry made of fine, intricately intertwined wires. A word used in the titles of many Buddhist texts to indicate that the subject matter is presented in a manner resembling a filigree, in which the various topics are intricately intertwined, resulting in a beautiful, elegant presentation of the material. Usually translated by others as "ornament." | Tib.: rgyan Skt.: alamkara |
| fixierende Meditation | fixating meditation | See: stabilizing meditation | |
| Flatterhaftigkeit, geistige | flightiness, mental | See: flightiness of mind | |
| Flatterhaftigkeit des Geistes / geistige Flatterhaftigkeit | flightiness of mind | The mental factor with which the mind wanders to an object of attraction, due to desire for it or attachment, and which faults the mental abiding of mindfulness's mental hold on an object of focus. Sometimes translated as "mental agitation." | Tib.: rgod-pa |
| Fleck / Makel | stain | Something that obscures the Buddha-nature factors, preventing them from being fully realized. | Tib.: dri-ma |
| fleischliches Auge, außersinnliches | flesh eye, extrasensory | See: extrasensory flesh eye | |
| fokale Bedingung | focal condition | An external phenomenon that presents an aspect of itself to be an object of cognition, and thus serves as a condition giving rise to a sensory cognition of it. | Tib.: dmigs-rkyen Skt.: alambanapratyaya |
| Fokus, deutlicher | focus, sharp | See: sharp focus | |
| Formen physische Phänomene | forms of physical phenomena | Nonstatic phenomena that can either (1) transform into another form of physical phenomenon when two or more of them come into contact with each other, such as water and earth which can transform into mud, or (2) be known as what they are by analyzing their directional parts, such as the sight of a vase seen in a dream. Forms of physical phenomena include the nonstatic phenomena of forms and eye sensors, sounds and ear sensors, smells and nose sensors, tastes and tongue sensors, phyiscal sensations and body sensors, and forms of physical phenomena included only among cognitive stimulators that are all phenomena. Equivalent to the aggregate of forms of physical phenomena. | Tib.: gzugs Skt.: rupa |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, die (ausschließlich) bei den kognitiven Anregern enthalten sind, die (alle) Phänomene sind | forms of physical phenomena included (only) among the cognitive stimulators that are (all) phenomena | Forms of physical phenomena that are not knowable by sensory consciousness, but are only knowable by mental consciousness. These include (1) those that make up other things by amassing together, (2) those existing in actual situations, (3) those arising from clearly taking them on, (4) totally imaginary forms, and (5) those arising from gaining control over the elements. | Tib.: chos-kyi skye-mched-pa'i gzugs |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, die andere Dinge bilden, indem sie sich ansammeln | forms of physical phenomena that make up other things by amassing together | Forms of physical phenomena included only among the cognitive stimulators that are all phenomena and which are the invisible objects, such as atoms and subatomic particles, that make up visible objects. | Tib.: bsdud-pa-las gyur-pa'i gzugs |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, die dadurch entstehen, dass man Kontrolle über die Elemente erlangt | forms of physical phenomena arising from gaining control over the elements | Forms of physical phenomena included only among the cognitive stimulators that are all phenomena and which are actually emanated by the power of absorbed concentration. | Tib.: dbang-'byor-pa'i gzugs |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, die dadurch entstehen, dass man sie eindeutig übernimmt | forms of physical phenomenon arising from clearly taking them on | Forms of physical phenomena included only among the cognitive stimulators that are all phenomena and which are acquired on a mental continuum, such as the nonrevealing forms of vows and of karmic actions. | Tib.: yang-dag-par blangs-pa-las byung-ba'i gzugs |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, die die funktionelle Natur des Geistes haben | forms of physical phenomena having the functional nature of mind | The type of subtle phenomena that the body of an arhat in a pure land is: although still included among cognitive stimulators that are forms of physical phenomena, they are visible only to the eye consciousness of arhats in pure lands. Although they are not ways of being aware of anything, their functional nature is similar to that of forms of physical phenomena that can be known only by mental consciousness. Synonymous with "mental bodies." | Tib.: yid-kyi rang-bzhin gyi gzugs |
| Formen physischer Phänomene, vollkommen imaginäre | forms of physical phenomena, totally imaginary | See: totally imaginary forms of physical phenomena | |
| Formen physischer Phänomene die in wirklichen Situationen existieren | forms of physical phenomena existing in actual situations | Forms of physical phenomena included only among the cognitive stimulators that are all phenomena and which are spaces that are in between objects and either too large or too small to be seen, such as the space in between astronomical bodies or in between atoms. | Tib.: mngon-par skabs yod-pa'i gzugs |
| Formkörper | Body of Forms | See: Corpus of Forms | |
| formloser Bereich | formless realm | See: plane of formless beings | |
| Freiheit von Selbst | selflessness | See: lack of an impossible "soul" | |
| frei von etwas/ ohne/ bar einer Sache/ leer | devoid | Totally lacking something, in the sense that something never has in the past, never does in the present, and never will in the future possess a certain characteristic, whether that characteristic is a possibly existing one or an impossible one. | Tib.: stong |
| freudige Ausdauer | joyful perseverance | (1) In Mahayana, the mental urge that leads one to have zestful vigor for being constructive, without becoming lazy. With this mental factors, one takes joy in being constructive. When conjoined with a bodhichitta aim, it becomes a far-reaching attitude. (2) For Theravada, see: "perseverance." | Tib.: brtson-'grus Skt.: virya |
| freudige Ausdauer, Rüstungs-gleiche | joyful perseverance, armor-like | See: armor-like joyful perseverance | |
| frisch und rein | fresh and clean | Arising anew in each moment without being stained by any mental constructs -- descriptive of pure awareness (rig-pa) in the dzogchen systems. | Tib.: so-ma |
| fühlendes Wesen | sentient being | See: limited being | |
| fünf Aggregate | five aggregates | See: five aggregate factors | |
| fünf Aggregat-Faktoren | five aggregate factors | The five networks that constitute all the nonstatic phenomena that could make up each moment of the mental continuum of each limited being: the aggregates of (1) forms of physical phenomena, (2) feelings of levels of happiness, (3) distinguishing, (4) other affecting variables, and (5) primary consciousnesses. | Tib.: phung-po lnga Skt.: pancaskandha |
| fünf Arten des tiefen Gewahrseins | five types of deep awareness | Five types of principal awareness that all beings have as an aspect of Buddha-nature. The five are (1) mirror-like, (2) equalizing, (3) individualizing, and (4) accomplishing deep awareness, and (5) deep awareness of reality. Some translators render this term as "five Buddha-wisdoms." Compare: "deep awareness" (1). | Tib.: ye-shes lnga |
| fünf Arten von Bodhisattva-Pfadgeist | five bodhisattva pathway minds | Also called: five paths | Tib.: lam-lnga |
| fünf Buddhakörper | Five Buddha-Bodies | See: Five Corpuses of a Buddha | |
| fünf Buddhaweisheiten | five Buddha-wisdoms | See: five types of deep awareness | |
| fünf Hauptgebiete des Wissens | five major fields of knowledge | **a) Kunst und Kunsthandwerk, b) Medizin, c) Sprachen und Grammatik, d) Logik und e) geheime oder außerordentliche Selbsterkenntnis | Tib.: rig-gnas lnga |
| fünf Hindernisse | five obstacles | See: five obscurations | |
| fünf Körper eines Buddha | Five Corpuses of a Buddha | (I) In some presentations, (1) A Corpus of Emanations (Nirmanakaya), (2) Corpus of Full Use (Sambhogakaya), (3) Corpus of Deep Awareness Encompassing Everything (Jnanadharmakaya), (4) Corpus of Essential Nature of a Buddha (Svabhavakaya), and Vajra Corpus (Vajrakaya) of a Buddha. (II) In other presentations, (1) A Corpus of Emanations (Nirmanakaya), (2) Corpus of Full Use (Sambhogakaya), (3) Corpus of Deep Awareness Encompassing Everything (Jnanadharmakaya), (4) Corpus of Essential Nature (Svabhavakaya), and Corpus of Great Bliss (Mahasukhakaya) of a Buddha. (III) In other presentations, (1) A Corpus of Emanations (Nirmanakaya), (2) Corpus of Full Use (Sambhogakaya), (3) Corpus of Deep Awareness Encompassing Everything (Jnanadharmakaya), (4) Corpus of Essential Nature (Svabhavakaya), and (5) Corpus of Deep Awareness' Enlightening Influence of a Buddha. (IV) In yet other systems, (1) A Corpus of Emanations (Nirmanakaya), (2) Corpus of Full Use (Sambhogakaya), (3) Corpus of Deep Awareness Encompassing Everything (Jnanadharmakaya), (4) Vajra Corpus (Vajrakaya), and (5) Corpus of Manifest Enlightenment (Abhisambhodhikaya) of a Buddha. | Tib.: sku-lnga |
| fünf Schleier | five obscurations | A set of five mental factors that prevent the attainment of the three higher trainings, in ethical self-discipline, absorbed concentration, and discriminating awareness. According to Nagarjuna's Letter to a Friend, (1) flightiness of mind and regret, (2) foggy-mindedness, (3) indecisive wavering, (4) intentions toward sensory objects, and (5) malice. According to the Kalachakra Tantra, (1) regret, (2) foggy-mindedness, (3) sleepiness, (4) flightiness of mind, and (5) indecisive wavering. Also called: five obstacles. | Tib.: sgrib-pa lnga |
| funktionelle Natur | functional nature | The nature of a phenomenon defined in terms of the function that the phenomenon performs. | Tib.: rang-bzhin |