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Deutsches Glossar Buddhistischer Fachbegriffe
Dieses Glossar enthält bislang nur einen Teil der Fachbegriffe, die auf unserer Webseite verwendet werden. Mit weiterem Fortschreiten der Arbeit am Glossar werden wir weitere Begriffe hinzugefügen. Die Definitionen liegen bislang noch nicht in der deutschen Übersetzung vor, wir haben daher in diese Fassung des Glossars die englischen Definitionen aufgenommen.
Wählen Sie einen der folgenden Buchstaben. Es werden dann alle Glossareinträge mit diesem Anfangsbuchstaben angezeigt:
A Ä B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T Ü U V W Y Z alles
| Deutsch | Englisch | Definition (Teilweise Englisch) | Tibetisch / Sanskrit / Pali |
|---|---|---|---|
| umfassend | pervasive | "x" is pervasive with "y" if, whenever "x" is the case, so is "y". Used in such formulations as "If "x" is the case, then it is pervasive that "y" is the case." | Tib.: khyab |
| umfassendes Ergebnis | comprehensive result | See: dominating result | |
| umfassendes Fahrzeug | Vast Vehicle | See: Vast Vehicle of Mind | |
| umfassendes Fahrzeug des Geistes | Vast Vehicle of Mind | See: Mahayana | |
| unbedingtes Phänomen | unconditioned phenomenon | See: unaffected phenomenon | |
| unbefleckt | untainted | Something that does not derive from a disturbing emotion or attitude, or is not related in any way with a disturbing emotion or attitude. Also translated as "unmixed with confusion" or "dissociated from confusion." Many translators render this term as "uncontaminated." | Tib.: zag-med Skt.: anashrava |
| unbefleckte Aggregate | untainted aggregates | Aggregate factors of someone's experience that do not include the causes that will obtain for that being any further samsaric rebirths. | Tib.: zag-med-kyi phung-po |
| unbeständiges Phänomen | impermanent phenomenon | See: nonstatic phenomenon | |
| Unbeständigkeit / Veränderlichkeit | impermanence | See: nonstaticness | |
| Unbewegliche, drei | immovables, three | See: three immovables | |
| unentschiedene Wahrnehmung | nondetermining cognition | A cognition of an object, in which (a) the involved object is an objective entity, (b) a mental aspect (mental hologram) of the involved object arises, but (c) there is no ascertainment (certainty, decisiveness) of what the involved object is or that the cognition of it has occurred. Also called: inattentive cognition. | Tib.: snang-la ma-nges-pa |
| unentschlossenes Schwanken | indecisive wavering | The mental factor (subsidiary awareness) that entertains two opinions about what is true – in other words, wavering between accepting or rejecting what is true. One of the six root disturbing emotions and attitudes. Sometimes translated as "doubt." | Tib.: the-tshoms |
| unentschlossene Wahrnehmung | indecisive cognition | See: indecisive wavering | |
| Unentschlossenheit | indecisiveness | See: indecisive wavering | |
| unermesslich herrlicher Palast | immeasurably magnificent palace | A palace visualized in tantra practice as part of the supporting mandala. Each architectural feature of the palace represents one or another realization gained along the tantra path, and inside the palace reside one or more Buddha-figures. | Tib.: gzhal-yas khang |
| Unglücklichsein | unhappiness | That feeling which, when it arises, one wants to be parted from it. | Tib.: mi-bde-ba Skt.: du:kha (duhkha) |
| ungültige Wahrnehmung | invalid cognition | (1) According to Gelug Sautrantika, Gelug Chittamatra, and Gelug Svatantrika-Madhyamaka, a cognition that is not fresh, or one that is fallacious, or one that is both not fresh and fallacious. (2) According to Gelug Prasangika and all tenet systems according to non-Gelug, a fallacious cognition. | Tib.: tshad-min |
| unkontrollierbare sich wiederholende Existenz | uncontrollably recurring existence | See: samsara | |
| unkontrollierbar sich wiederholendes Samsara | uncontrollably recurring samsara | See: samsara | |
| unmittelbar vorausgehende Bedingung | immediately preceding condition | The immediately preceding moment of awareness, which produces the appearance-making and cognizing (clarity and awareness) of the next moment of awareness as its result. | Tib.: de-ma-thag rkyen Skt.: samanantarapratyaya |
| unreine Erscheinung | impure appearance | An appearance of something as a nonenlightened mind makes it appear, namely in only a mundane form and with true existence. | Tib.: ma-dag-pa'i snang-ba |
| uns der spezifischen Buddhagestalt anzunähern und uns selbst als sie zu realisieren | approximate and actualize oneself as a Buddha-figure | Intensive tantrische Meditationspraxis, welche die Visualisation von einem selbst als Buddhagestalt, wie auch die Rezitation der dazugehörigen Mantras umfasst. | Tib.: bsnyen-sgrub |
| unsere geistigen Einstellungen uns selbst und anderen gegenüber gleichsetzen und austauschen | equalizing and exchanging self and others | A method for developing a bodhichitta aim, consisting of (1) developing mere equanimity, (2) developing uncommon Mahayana equanimity, as a way to regard all others equally in the same way as one regards oneself, (3) thinking of the disadvantages of a self-cherishing attitude, (4) thinking of the advantages of cherishing others, (5) giving and taking, with attitudes of love and compassion, as a way of exchanging one's attitudes about self and others, (6) exceptional resolve, and (7) developing a bodhichitta aim. | Tib.: bdag-gzhan mnyam-brje |
| unterbewusstes Gewahrsein | subliminal awareness | See: subliminal cognition | |
| unterbewusste Wahrnehmung | subliminal cognition | A cognition in which the consciousness gives rise to a mental hologram of a cognitive object and, in which, the cognitive object appears, through that hologram, only to the consciousness of the subliminal cognition and only that consciousness cognizes it. The cognitive object of the subliminal cognition does not appear to the person and is not cognized by the person. Nor does it appear to or is it cognized by the consciousness of the manifest cognition that is simultaneously occurring and overpowering the subliminal cognition. | Tib.: bag-la nyal-gyi shes-pa |
| unterscheiden | discriminate | (1) To differentiate decisively between two things -- for example, between what is correct and incorrect, (2) to single out something and come to a decisive conclusion about it, for example to incorrectly discriminate the shravaka teachings as being essential for only shravakas, and worthless for bodhisattvas. | |
| Unterscheiden | distinguishing | One of the five ever-functioning subsidiary awarenesses (mental factors) that takes an uncommon characteristic feature of the appearing object of a nonconceptual cognition or an outstanding feature of the appearing object of a conceptual cognition, and ascribes a conventional significance to it, different from that of everything else that appears in the background within that cognition. It does not necessarily ascribe a name or mental label to its object, nor does it compare it with previously cognized objects. Some translators render the term as "recognition." | Tib.: 'du-shes Skt.: samjna |
| unterscheidendes Gewahrsein | discriminating awareness | The mental factor that decisively discriminates between what is correct and what is incorrect, or between what is helpful and what is harmful, or between what is appropriate or what is inappropriate, or between what is reality and what is not reality. When conjoined with a bodhichitta aim, it becomes a far-reaching attitude. | Tib.: shes-rab Skt.: prajna |
| Unterscheidung | discrimination | See: discriminating awareness | |
| Unterscheidungsvermögen, subtiles | discernment, subtle | See: subtle discernment | |
| unterstützendes Mandala | supporting mandala | The immeasurably magnificent palace of a symbolic world system, together with the environment around it, visualized in tantra practice. | Tib.: rten-pa'i dkyil-'khor |
| unterstütztes Mandala | supported mandala | The set of Buddha-figures residing inside the immeasurably magnificent palace of a symbolic world system visualized in tantra practice. | Tib.: brten-pa'i dkyil-'khor |
| Untersuchen / Untersuchung | investigation | See: gross detection | |
| untrennbar | inseparable | Two facts about the same attribute of an object are inseparable if, when one is the case, so is the other. The two facts may inseparably both be the case either naturally or made to be so through the power of meditation. | Tib.: dbyer-med |
| unveränderlicher Vajra-Körper | Immutable Vajra Body | See: Immutable Vajra Corpus | |
| unveränderlicher Vajra-Körper | Immutable Vajra Corpus | In some Kagyu mahamudra systems, synonymous with "Vajra Corpus" in the meaning of the unchanging nature of the other four Corpuses of a Buddha. | Tib.: mi-'gyur rdo-rje'i sku |
| Unwissenheit | unawareness | (1) According to Vasubandhu and Asanga, not knowing. (2) According to Dharmakirti, knowing in an inverted (incorrect) manner. In both cases, unawareness is of either behavioral cause and effect, or of the lack of an impossible "soul" or voidness. Translators often render the term as "ignorance." | Tib.: ma-rig-pa Skt.: avidya |
| Unwissenheit, automatisch erscheinende | unawareness, automatically arising | See: automatically arising unawareness | |
| Unwissenheit, doktrinär bedingte | unawareness, doctrinally based | See: doctrinally based unawareness | |
| Ursache | cause | A nonstatic phenomenon able to bring about the production or arising of something. | Tib.: rgyu Skt.: hetu |
| Ursache, direkte | cause, direct | See: direct cause | |
| Ursache, gleichzeitig wirkende | cause, simultaneously acting | See: simultaneously acting cause | |
| Ursache, herbeiführende | cause, obtaining | See: obtaining cause | |
| Ursache der gleichen Art | cause, similar family | See: similar family cause | |
| Ursache der gleichen Art | similar family cause | Die Ursache gleicher Art ist eine Ursache, die zur selben Familie oder Kategorie von Phänomen gehört wie die Wirkung. Zum Beispiel ist die Vorlage zur Herstellung einer Vase die Ursache gleicher Art für die Vase, die man gerade herstellt. | Tib.: rigs-'dra'I rgyu Skt.: sajatiyakaranam |
| Ursache des gleichen Status | cause, equal status | See: equal status cause | |
| Ursachen des gleichen Status | equal status cause | Causes for which the results are later moments in the same category of phenomena as they are -- either in the same ethical category or on the same plane of existence. | Tib.: skal-mnyam-gyi rgyu |
| Ursache und Wirkung | cause and effect | See: behavioral cause and effect | |
| Ursache und Wirkung, verhaltensbedingte | cause and effect, behavioral | See: behavioral cause and effect | |
| ursächliche Bedingungen | causal conditions | All the causes that have the power to produce a specific result. | Tib.: rgyu'i rkyen Skt.: hetupratyaya |
| ursächliches Einschlagen der sicheren Richtung | causal taking of safe direction | Mit dem Begriff "ursächliches Einschlagen der sicheren Richtung" wird das Einschlagen einer sicheren Ausrichtung (Zufluchtnahme) bezeichnet, in der die Quellen einer sicheren Ausrichtung die Personen oder Phänomene sind, die als Ursachen für die eigene Erlangung der drei Juwelen, wirken, nämlich von Buddha, Dharma und Sangha, die bereits von anderen erlangt worden sind. Der Begriff "ursächliches Einschlagen der sicheren Richtung" ist synonym mit dem Begriff "bloßes Einschlagen der sicheren Richtung". | Tib.: rgyu'i skyabs-'gro |
| ursprüngliche Reinheit | primal purity | The essential nature of rigpa (pure awareness), which refers to its being pure of all stains, without a beginning. | Tib.: ka-dag |
| ursprünglicher Geist | primordial mind | Awareness that, with no beginning, has been untainted by the fleeting stains of either the emotional or cognitive obscurations. A synonym for "clear light mind." | Tib.: gnyug-sems |
| ursprünglicher Zustand | primordial state | The state of having, with no beginning, been untainted by the fleeting stains of either the emotional or cognitive obscurations. Descriptive of the clear light mind. | Tib.: gnyug-ma |
| ursprüngliches tiefstes Alaya | primordial deepest alaya | In the dzogchen system, a synonym for basis rigpa. The source of all appearances of samsara and nirvana. | Tib.: ye-don kun-gzhi |
| ursprünglich rein | primally pure | See: primal purity | |
| ursprünglich reines Gewahrseins | primally pure awareness | See: primal purity | |
| Ursprungsquelle // Geburtsquelle | natal source | That which gives rise to something, such as a womb for a baby or an oven for a loaf of bread. | Tib.: rdzas Skt.: dravya |
| Ursprungsquelle / Geburtsquelle | source, natal | See: natal source |