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Deutsches Glossar Buddhistischer Fachbegriffe
Dieses Glossar enthält bislang nur einen Teil der Fachbegriffe, die auf unserer Webseite verwendet werden. Mit weiterem Fortschreiten der Arbeit am Glossar werden wir weitere Begriffe hinzugefügen. Die Definitionen liegen bislang noch nicht in der deutschen Übersetzung vor, wir haben daher in diese Fassung des Glossars die englischen Definitionen aufgenommen.
Wählen Sie einen der folgenden Buchstaben. Es werden dann alle Glossareinträge mit diesem Anfangsbuchstaben angezeigt:
A Ä B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T Ü U V W Y Z alles
| Deutsch | Englisch | Definition (Englisch) | Tibetisch | Sanskrit (Pali) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wachsamkeit | alertness | The subsidiary awareness (mental factor) that checks the condition of mindfulness's mental hold on the object of focus. It sees if the mental hold has been lost or is too weak or too tight due to flightiness of mind or mental dullness. It is more, however, than just reflexive awareness or implicit apprehension, which merely notices what is happening with the meditation. It resembles an alarm system to trigger a response with restoring attention to correct any faults. | shes-bzhin | samprajanya |
| Wahnehmung, gültige | cognition, valid | See: valid cognition. | ||
| Wahnehmung, indirekte | cognition, indirect | See: indirect cognition. | ||
| wahre Beendigung | true cessation | See: true stopping. | ||
| wahre Beendigung | true stopping | The elimination, forever, of some degree of either an emotional or a cognitive obscuration from a mental continuum. They occur only on the mental continuum of aryas -- those with nonconceptual cognition of voidness. Often translated as "true cessation." Alternative Tibetan: 'gog-bden. | 'gog-pa'i bden-pa | nirodha-satya |
| wahre Beendigung | true stopping | See: true stopping, Tib. 'gog-bden. | 'gog-bden | nirodha-satya |
| wahre Existenz | true existence | (1) An impossible mode of existence mistakenly considered to be true. Existence established or proven (a) merely by the power of something on the side of an object and not in conjunction with being something imputable on a basis, according to Gelug Svatantrika-Madhyamaka, or (b) by the power of something on the side of an object, either by itself or in conjunction with being something imputable on a basis, according to Gelug Prasangika-Madhyamaka. (2) A mode of existence that is true. Existence established or proven by (a) arising from causes and conditions, according to Jetsunpa and Kunkhyen Gelug Sautrantika, or (b) the power of something on the side of an object, according to Panchen Gelug Sautrantika and Gelug Chittamatra. Also translated as "truly established existence." | bden-par grub-pa | |
| wahre nichtzugeschriebene Existenz | true unimputed existence | Existence established or proven merely by the power of something on the side of an object and not in conjunction with being something imputable on a basis. According to Madhyamaka, an impossible mode of existence mistakenly considered to be true. Also called "truly and unimputedly established existence." | bden-par grub-pa | |
| wahre Realität | true reality | A nontechnical term used for what actually exists. | ||
| wahrhaft auffindbare Existenz | true findable existence | Existence established or proven by the power of something findable on the side of an object, either by itself or in conjunction with being something imputable on a basis. According to Gelug Prasangika-Madhyamaka, an impossible mode of existence mistakenly considered to be true. Also called "truly and findably established existence." | bden-par grub-pa | |
| wahrhaft begründete Existenz | truly established existence | See: true existence. | ||
| Wahrhaftigkeit / zu seinem Wort stehen | being true to one's word | The mental state with which, once one gives one's word to do something to benefit others, one does not break one's promise. The seventh of the ten far-reaching attitudes developed by bodhisattvas according to the Theravada tradition. | bden-pa | satya (Pali: sacca) |
| wahrhaft und auffindbar begründete Existenz | truly and findably established existence | See: true findable existence. | ||
| wahrhaft und nichtzugeschrieben begründete Existenz | truly and unimputedly established existence | See. true unimputed existence. | ||
| Wahrheit, oberflächliche | truth, superficial | See: superficial truth. | ||
| Wahrheiten, zwei | truths, two | See: two truths. | ||
| wahrnehmen | cognize | See: cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung | cognition | (1) The act of cognizing or knowing something, but without necessarily knowing what it is or what it means. It may be either valid or invalid, conceptual or nonconceptual . This is the most general term for knowing something. (2) The "package" of a primary consciousness, its accompanying mental factors (subsidiary awarenesses), and the cognitive object shared by all of them. According to some systems, a cognition also includes reflexive awareness. | shes-pa | |
| Wahrnehmung | perception | A general, nontechnical term used for valid sensory cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, blosse | cognition, bare | See: bare cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, direkte | cognition, direct | See: direct cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, einfache | cognition, straightforward | See: straightforward cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, explizite | cognition, explicit | See: explicit cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, implizite | cognition, implicit | See: implicit cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, konzeptuelle | cognition, conceptual | See: conceptual cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, nachfolgende | cognition, subsequent | See: subsequent cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, nichtkonzeptuelle | cognition, nonconceptual | See: nonconceptual cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, schlussfolgernde | cognition, inferential | See: inferential cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, trügerische | cognition, deceptive | See: deceptive cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, unentschiedene | cognition, nondetermining | See: nondetermining cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, unentschlossene | cognition, indecisive | See: indecisive wavering. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, ungültige | cognition, invalid | See: invalid cognition. | ||
| Wahrnehmung, verzerrte | cognition, distorted | See: distorted cognition. | ||
| wanderndes Wesen | wandering being | A being that "wanders" from one uncontrollably recurring rebirth to the next; a being caught in samsara. Synonymous with "limited being" (sentient being). | 'gro-ba | gamin |
| Weisen, in denen man sich etwas gewahr ist | ways of being aware of something | One of the three kinds of nonstatic phenomena -- all types of mental activity cognizing an object. | shes-pa | |
| Weiterexistenz | further existence | See: karmic impulse that actualizes a further existence. Other translators often render the term as "becoming." | srid-pa | bhava |
| weitreichende Geisteshaltungen | far-reaching attitude | A mental factor that brings one to the far shore of samsara, either to liberation or to enlightenment. There are either six or ten far-reaching attitudes. Also called "perfection." Theravada and Mahayana give slightly different lists of these. According to Mahayana, the six are the far-reaching attitudes of (1) generosity, (2) ethical self-discipline, (3) patience, (4) joyful perseverance, (5) mental stability, and (6) discriminating awareness (wisdom). The Mahayana list of ten adds the far-reaching attitudes of (7) skill in means, (8) aspirational prayer, (9) strengthening, and (10) deep awareness. Alternative Tibetan: phar-phyin. | pha-rol-tu phyin-pa | paramita, (Pali: parami) |
| weitreichende Geisteshaltungen | far-reaching attitude | See: far-reaching attitude, Tib. pha-rol-tu phyin-pa. | phar-phyin | paramita, (Pali: parami) |
| Wertschätzung | appreciation | Valuing something highly, usually the kindness of someone. Often used in the context of appreciating the kindness of one's spiritual mentor. Sometimes translated as "respect." | gus-pa | |
| Wesen, gewöhnliches | being, ordinary | See: ordinary being. | ||
| Widerlegung | refutation | See: negation phenomenon. | ||
| widersprüchlich | contradictory | See: mutually exclusive. | ||
| Widmung | dedication | See: dedication prayer. | ||
| Widmungsgebet / Gebet der Widmung | dedication prayer | A prayer for the attainment of a spiritual goal or of the circumstances conducive for reaching that goal, in which the person making the prayer directs the positive force (merit) from a constructive action that he or she has done toward ripening into that attainment. | bsngo-ba | pranidhana |
| wiederkehrende Existenz | recurring existence | See: samsara. | ||
| wirklich | real | A nontechnical term for what actually exists. | ||
| wirklicher Zustand | actual state | The full definitional state of something, such as one of levels of mental constancy. | dngos-gzhi | |
| wirksames Phänomen | functional phenomenon | (1) A validly knowable, existent object that performs a function -- in other words, it produces a result -- namely, a nonstatic phenomenon. (2) In the Vaibhashika system, all validly knowable, existent phenomenon, all of which at least perform the function of acting as an object for the valid cognition of them. | dngos-po | |
| Wirkungen, die ihren Ursachen im eigenen instinktivem Verhalten ähneln | result that is similar to its cause on one's instinctive behavior | See: result that corresponds to its cause on one's behavior. | ||
| wohlklingende Verse | melodic verses | One of the twelve scriptural categories. (1) Verses that Buddha uttered during the course of and at the conclusion of his sutras. (2) According to some explanations, scriptures of interpretable meaning. | dbyangs-kyis bsnyad-pa | geya |
| Wohlwollen | benevolence | The mental factor of wishing to benefit others, wishing others well. Often translated by others as "altruism." | phan-sems | |
| wundersame Emanation | miraculous emanations | (1) In mahamudra and dzogchen texts, a descriptive synonym for the mental aspects (mental appearances, mental holograms) that are produced by the clarity aspect of the mind and which are directly cognized by conceptual or nonconceptual cognition. (2) A synonym for extraphysical emanations. | rnam-'phrul | vikurvana |
| wundersame Kräfte | miraculous powers | See: extraphysical emanations. | ||
| Wurzelgelübde des Bodhisattva | root bodhisattva vows | The eighteen primary bodhisattva vows which, if kept purely, act as a root for attaining enlightenment, and which, if fully transgressed, act as a root for rebirth in one of the worse rebirth states. | ||
| Wurzelgelübde des Tantra | root tantric vows | The fourteen primary tantric vows which, if kept purely, act as a root for attaining enlightenment, and which, if fully transgressed, act as a root for rebirth in one of the worse rebirth states. | ||
| Wurzelguru | root guru | The spiritual teacher that inspires one the most, such that his or her inspiration serves as the root giving sustenance to one's spiritual growth. | rtsa-ba'i bla-ma | |
| Wurzeln der Tugend | roots of virtue | See: roots of positive force. | ||
| Wurzeln konstruktiver Kraft | roots of constructive force | See: roots of positive force. Often translated by others as "roots of virtue." | dge-rtsa | |
| Wurzel positiver Kräfte | roots of positive force | The network of positive force (collection of merit), described from the point of view of it serving as the "root" for one to grow into a Buddha. | dge-ba'i rtsa-ba |